Exploiting thermal properties in nanoscale systems has the potential to change the ways that we use and think about heat. This talk will present computational work in two areas of nanoscale thermo-mechanical behavior: frequency-selective thermal transfer for applications in chemical sensing; and anomalous dissipation in carbon nanotube resonators. In both cases the behavior results in non-equilibrium filling of vibrational modes of the system, which can dramatically alter the systems properties. This work received funding from the Defense Threat Reduction Agency's Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (Grant HDTRA1-09-1-0006)