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Computer designed image representing quantum entanglement

Marking 100 years of quantum physics — with Oregon State at the forefront of entanglement research

By Louis C. Vintro

As we mark the 100th anniversary of quantum mechanics and recognize World Quantum Day on April 14, it’s the perfect moment to spotlight Oregon State’s connection to this revolutionary science. Carl Kocher, now professor emeritus of physics, conducted the world’s first experimental observation of quantum entanglement in the 1960s — work that helped lay the foundation for decades of breakthroughs in quantum research.

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Kocher and John Clauser — who would go on to share the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics — found themselves exploring bold new territory in physics. Much like Thomas Young in the early 1800s, who faced skepticism for proposing the wave nature of light, Kocher and Clauser challenged prevailing assumptions with experiments to test quantum entanglement. Their ideas initially met with resistance, reflecting a broader scientific community still coming to terms with quantum mechanics.

Carl Kocher in an office displaying a quantum physics equation while seated in front of bookshelves.

Professor Emeritus of Physics Carl Kocher's 1967 Ph.D. experiment provided the first compelling evidence of quantum entanglement, laying the groundwork for future Nobel-winning research — though his pioneering role is not widely understood.

As a Ph.D. student at the University of California, Berkeley, Kocher saw the promise of entanglement and designed an innovative tabletop experiment using photon counters. His 1967 dissertation documented results that would influence future research and confirm the strange but fundamental nature of entangled particles.

Following his graduate work, Kocher joined the faculty at Oregon State University in 1970, where he served for more than 30 years in the Department of Physics before retiring as professor emeritus. During his tenure, he taught generations of students, contributed to experimental research and helped build OSU’s strength in quantum and atomic physics.

Kocher’s experiment, which measured the polarization of photon pairs, provided early empirical evidence of entanglement — now considered a core feature of the universe. His approach offers lasting lessons not only in physics but in innovation itself: combining curiosity, constraint and a rigorous mindset to test big ideas.

Entanglement is now a key concept in technologies like quantum computing and secure communication. Kocher’s early experiment helped establish that particles can remain connected in ways classical physics couldn’t explain — an idea that has since been confirmed and expanded by others. His experimental setup directly influenced the designs of later entanglement tests, including those that earned Clauser and colleagues the Nobel Prize. His work at Oregon State stands as an important piece of the foundation for today’s quantum research.

Read more about Carl Kocher’s groundbreaking pursuit of quantum entanglement, the lasting lessons it offers today’s product teams, and why his work remains largely unknown. The full story: From 'spooky action' to primordial fabric of the universe: The forgotten story of the origins of quantum entanglement


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